Medicinal Plants and Animals in the Peruvian Amazon


This list is for reference purposes only. Some but not all are found at the Blue Morpho Center.

Medicinal Plants

This is a short list of the hundreds of plants that are used in the amazon basin for their medicinal properties.

Local Name English Name Scientific Name Uses
Abuta Velvet leaf Cissampelos pareira Fever, diabetes, malaria, menstural cramps, ulcers, pain killer, dental pain killer etc.
Achiote Lipstick tree Bixa orellana Body paint, liver disease, kidney disease, skin ailments, prostate cancer
Ai curo, Iporuro Iporuro Alchornea castaneifolia Rheumatism, cough, male fertility, colds
Ajo Garlic Allium sativum Flu, colds, high blood pressure
Ajo Sacha Garlic of the Jungle Mansoa alliacea Flu, colds, body aches, fever, saladera (bad luck), hunting, and fishing
Ajos kiro, Ajos caspi Laurel or Clammy Cherry Cordia alliodora Shaman medicine for protection and strength
Albahaca Basil Ocimum basilicum Colds, coughs, body aches, food spice
Amargo Bitter wood Quassia amara Antimalaria, antiparasitic, fever, cancer
Amasisa Swamp immortelli Erythrina poeppigiana Skin infection, fever, cold
Ayahuasca, Yage Vine of the Soul Banisteriopsis caapi Visionary medicine used with a shaman, physical, spiritual, emotional illnesses
Ayahuma Cannonball tree Couroupita guianensis Shaman medicine of protection, saladera (bad luck), medicinal baths
Bala Huayo Yellow mombin Spondias mombin Emetic, hemorrhoids, stomach, eye/throat inflammation
Bellaco Caspi Plumeria tarapotensis Rheumatism
Bombinsana Calliandra angustifolia Shamanic strength, protection, rheumatism, uterine cancer
Camu-camu Rumberry Myrciaria dubia Colds, flu, vitamin C, potassium
Cana brava Giant reed Arundo donax Arthritis, hair loss, joint pain
Capinuri Capinuri Macruira coriaceae Sprains, cuts, magic
Capirona, Mulaterio Canary wood Calycophyllum spruceanum Anti-bacterial, diabetes, antioxidant, antifungal stomach, shamanism
Castana Brazil Nut Bertholletia excelsa Food source, oil
Catahua Possumwood, sandbox tree, dynamite tree Hura crepitans Purgative, diuretic, shamanism, fish toxin
Chacruna, Batsikawa, Pishikawa Chakruna Psychotria viridis Visionary admixture of Ayahuasca
Chanca piedra Stone breaker phyllanthus niruri Kidney stones and gall stones, anti spasmodic, diuretic
Chiricsanango, Shiricsanango Fever tree Brunfelsia grandiflora Visionary, colds, chills, nervous system, arthritis, kidney disease, lung disease, rheumatism
Chontaquiro Aspidosperma capitatum Shamanim
Chuchuhuasi Chuchuhuasi Maytenus macrocarpa Anti-diarrheic, anti-tumor, anti-arthritic, menstruation, stomach pain
Chullachaqui Caspi Chullachaqui Tree Tovomita sp. Shamanism, energetic body ailments
Clavo Huasca Clove vine Tynanthus panurensis Aphrodisiac, tooth ache, rheumatism
Coca Cocaine Bush Erythroxylum coca Hungar, thirst, altitude sickness, mild stimulant
Copaiba Copaifera officinalis, paupera Lung disorders, skin disorders, fungus, scars, STD's
Cumala Virola Virola sp. Visionary, shamanism
Cumaseba Cumaseba anti-arthritic, shamanism, aphrodisiac
Curare Chondrodendron tomentosum Animal poison, brusies, edema, kidney stones
Escobilla Sweet broom Scoparia dulcis Skin, toothache, bronchitis, STD's, diabetes
Guatillo, Borrachera Lochroma fuchsioides Shamanism
Guayusa Bartling holly family, mate Ilex guayusa Stimulant
Heliconia Heliconia,Lobster claw Heliconia sp. Ornamental
Huacapu Manwood Minquartia guianensis Shamanism, aphrodisiac, construction
Huacapurana Huacapurana Campsiandra sp Shamanism, aphrodisiac, construction
Huairacaspi, Tornillo Tornillo Cedrelinga catenaeformis Gastro intestinal ailments
Icoja Unonopsis Floribunda Diels Arthritis, lung disorders, diarrhea, malaria, rheumatism
Ipomoea Morningglory Ipomoea purpurea Diuretic, laxative, visionary
Ishpingo, Roble americano Ishpingo Amburana cearensis Asthma, internal bruising
Jergon sacha Dracontium loretense Snake bite prevention, Anti-viral, Anti-bacterial
Lupuna White floss silk Chorisia speciosa Shamanism
Maca Pepperweed Lepidium meyenii Stimulant
Micura, Mucura Gully root Petiveria alliacea Immune system booster, pain, memory enhancer, abortive
Murure Pistia stratiotes Shamanism, arthritis
Oje Fig tree Ficus insipida Purgative, anti-parasite
Palo Santo Saint wood, Sacred wood Burserea graveolens Burned as inscence to purify the body
Patiquina Dumbcane Diffenbachia alba Medicinal baths, saladera (bad luck), witchcraft
Pinon Oral sores, medicinal baths, saladera (bad luck), witchcraft
Pinon colorado Shamanism, tooth ache,
Piripiri Umbrella flat sedge Cyperus articulatus Dysentery, aphrodisiac, stomach ache, contraception
Puca Lupuna Shamanism
Quinilla Blanca Powder puff Calliandra angustifolia Shamanism
Remo Caspi Pithecellobium laetum Shamanism
Renaco Strangler fig Ficus sp Female reproductive health, shamanism
Sanango Hibiscus Tabernaemontana spp Visionary, colds, chills, nervous system, arthritis, kidney disease, lung disease, rheumatism
Sangre de Grado Dragon's blood Croton lechleri Cuts, anti-diarrhea, vaginal baths, skin, cancer
Suelda con Suelda Phthirusa adunca Fractures, dislocations, cuts
Tabaco, Mapacho Tobacco Nicotiana tabacum Shaman protection, visionary, purgative, to remove skin worms
Tahuari Tabebuia serratifolia Diabetes, cold, cough, flu, fever
Tamshi Heteropsis jenmanii Rope or string
Tangarana Triplaris surinamensis Skin
Toe Datura, Angel's Trumpet Brugmansia suaveolens Shamanism
Toe Negro Datura, Angel's Trumpet Shamanism
Uchu-Sanango Blue Star Amsonia Tabernaemontana sp Visionary, colds, chills, nervous system, arthritis, kidney disease, lung disease, rheumatism
Una de Gato Cat's Claw Uncaria tomentosa Cancer, HIV/AIDS, cough, colds, flu, fever, ulcers, tumors
Uvilla Puorouma cecropiaefolia Female reproductive system
Verbena Verbena littoralis emetic, febrifuge, vermifuge
Wira-wira Gnaphalium vira-vira Antibiotic, asthma, sterorid


Animals of the Peruvian Amazon

Fish

These are just some of the fish that are in the Ayucayacu River

Common English Name
Scientific Name
Common Spanish Name
Tambaqui
Colossoma macropomum
gamitana
Tilapia
Prochilodus nigricans
boquichico
Pirapu tanga
Brycon sp
sábalo
Small mouth bass
Plagioscion auratus
corvina
Peackock Bass
Cichla acellaris
tucunaré
Tiger catfish
Pseudoplatystoma fascium
doncella
Dorado
Brachyplatystoma filamentosum
dorado
Sting ray
Potamotrygon histrix
raya
Giant catfish
Pseudoplatistoma tigriinum
Zungaro
Piranha (black)
Serrasalmus spilopleura
piraña negra
Piranha (red)
Serrasalmus nattereri
piraña roja
Piranha (white)
Serrasalmus rhombeus
piraña blanca
Silver dollars
Mylossoma duriventris
palometas
Carp
Triportheus angulatus
sardina
Red bellied pacu
Piaractus brachypomun
paco
Lisa
Schyzodon fasciatus
Lisa
Electric Eel
Electrophorus multivalvulus
Anguila Electrica
Arapaima
Arapaima gigas
Paiche


Dolphins:

Pink River Dolphin
Inia geoffrensis
Bufeo Colorado
Grey River Dolphin
Sotalia fluviatilis
Bufeo Negro


Birds

There are over 800 species of birds in the amazon. Here we have listed but a few that are possible to observe on our tours.

Sungrebe
Heliornis fulica
Pato pompom
Muscovy duck
Cairina moschata
Sacha pato
Canary winged parakeet
Brotogeris versicolorus
Ala blanca
Wattled jacana
Tuqui tuqui
Jacana jacana
Large billed tern
Phaetusa simples
Tibe
Scarlet macaw
Ara macaw
Guacamayo rojo
Blue and yellow macaw
Ara ararauna
Guacamayo azul y amarillo
Blue gray tanager
Tharaupis episcopus
Sui sui
Russet-backed oropendola
Psarocolius angustifrons
Páucar
Yellow-hooded blackbird
Agelaius icterocephalus
Arrocerillo
Yellow rumped cacique
Cacides cela
Pauscarsillo
Brown-chested martin
Phaeoprogne tapera
Glondrina
White winged swallow
Tachycineta albiventer
Glondrina
Lesser kitskadee
Pitangus lictor
Victor Días
Great kiskadee
Pitangus sulphuratus
Victor Días
Woodpecker
Camphylorhemphus pusillus
Escaladores
Strong billed woodpecker
Xiphocolaptes promeropinhynelus
Escaladores
Chestnut woodpecker
Celeus elegans
Pájaro carpintero
Amazon King Fisher
Chloroceryle amazona
Martín Pescador
Ringed king fisher
Ceryle torquata
Catalán
Black nunbird
Monasa nigrifrons
Tibicuro
Mealy parrot
Amazona farinose
Loro
Anhinga
Anhinga anhinga
Sharara
Olivaceus cormorant
Phalacroconax olivaceus
Cushuri
Pauraque
Nyctidromus albicolis
Tuhuayo
Great potoo
Nyctibius grandis
Ayaymama
Yellow headed caracara
Milvago chimachima
Shihuango
Turkey vulture
Cathartes aura
Rinaui
Black vulture
Comagyps atratus
Gallinazo
Black-collared hawk
Busarellus nigricollis
Mama vieja
Horned screamer
Anhima cornuta
Camungo
Hoatzin
Opisthocomus oatzin
Shansho
Smooth billed ani
Crotophaga major
Locrero
Boat-billed heron
Cochlearius cochlearius
Huapapa
Partridge
Cypturellus undulates
Panguana
Hummingbird
Galbula dea
Picaflor
Osprey
Pandion haliaetus
Gavilan pescador
Snail kite
Rostramus sociabilis
Gavilan churero
Plumbeous kite
Ictinia plumbea
Gavilan cenizo
White necked heron
Ardea cocoi
Garza ceniza
Great egreet
Casmerodius albus
Garza blanca grande
Toucan
Pterglossus aracari
Pinshilla
Common black hawk
Buteogallus anthracinus
Gavilán cangrejero
Great black hawk
Buteogallus urubitinga
Águila negra
Green and rufous kingfisher
Cholroceryle inda
Martín pescador verde
Little tinamou
Crypturellus Saui
Tinamou pequeño
Red and green macaw
Ara chloroptera
Guacamayo rojo y verde
Red bellied macaw
Ara manilata
Guacamaya bandera
Red capped cardinal
Paroaria gularis
Cardenal de frente rojo
Roadside hawk
Buteo magnirostris
Gavilán chapulinero
Purple Martin
Progne subis purple
Martín azul
Bat falcon
Falco rufigularis
Halcon negro chico
Anhinga
Anhinga anhinga
Pato aguja
Blue head parrot
Pionus menstruus
Loro de cabeza azul
Cuvier’s toucan
Ranphastus cuvier
Tucan
Gray tinamou
Tinamus tao
Perdiz azul
Green ibis
Mesembinitis cayenensis
Ibis verde
Orange cheeked parrot
Pionopsitta barrabandi
Lorito de mejillas amarillas
Orinoco goose
Neochen jubata
Pato carretero
Painted parakeet
Pyrrhula picta
Camachuelo
Snowy egret
Egreta thula
Garza blanca chica
Tropical kingbird
Tyrannus melancholicus
Suiriri real


Reptiles

Iguana
Iguana iguana
Iguana iguana
Black caiman
Melanosuchus niger
Lagarto negro
White caiman
Caimán crocodilus
Lagarto blanco


Turtles:

Yellow-spotted Amazon River turtle
Podocnemis unifilis
Taricaya
Mata mata
Chelus fimbriatus
Mata mata
Jungle Tortoise
Geochelone denticulate
Motelo
Arrau turtle
Podocnemis expansa
Charapa
Six-tubercled river turtle
Podocnemis sextuberculata
Cupiso
Mud turtle
Kinosternon scorpioides
Ashna charapa


Poisonous Snakes:

Red tree viper
Chironius scurrulus
Aguaje machacuy
Common lance-head viper
Bothrops atrox
Jergon
Coral
Coral Micrurus spp
Naca-naca
Fer-de-lance
Bothrops spp
Cascabel
Whip snake
Spilotes pullatus
Iguana machacuy
Green tree viper
Bothrops bilineatus
Loro machacuy
Giant Amazon viper
Lachesis muta
Shushupe


Non-poisonous Snakes:

There are more than 60 species.
The following gensus are the most common:

Chironius sp.; Pseustes sp.; Leimadophis sp.; Liophis sp.; Atractus sp.; Oxybelis sp.

Corallus canius boa verde o boa arboricola

Terrestrial boa
Boa constrictor
Mantona
Anaconda
Eunectes murinus
Yacumama, anaconda, o boa negra


Mammals:


Monkeys and Tamarins:

Black-mantled tamarin
Saguinus nigricollis
Pichico
Saddle back tamarins
Saguinus fuscicollis
Pichico boca blanca
Black-chested moustached tamarin
Saguinus mystax
Pichico barba blanca
Cotton-top tamarin
Saguinus imperator
Leoncillo
Goeldi’s monkey
Callimico goeldii
Pichico negro
Pigmy marmoset
Cebuella pygmaea
Leoncito
White-fronted capuchin monkey
Cebus albifrens
Mono blanco
Brown capuchin monkey
Cebus apella
Mono negro
Common squirrel monkey
Saimiri sciureus sciureus
Boliviensis fraile
White-bellied spider monkey
Ateles belzebuth belzebuth
Maquisapa pecho amarillo
Black spider monkey
Ateles paniscus chamek
Mono araña
Yellow-tailed wooly monkey
Lagothrix flavicans
Choro de cola amarilla
Wooly monkey
Lagothrix lagothricha
Choro
Mon Saki
Cacajao calvus rubicundus
Huapo colorado
Mon Saki
Pithecia hirsute
Huapo negro
Red howler monkey
Alouatta seniculus
Coto
Black titi monkey
Callicebus torquatus
Tocón negro
Dusky titi monkey
Callicebus moloch moloch
Tocón colorado
Night monkeys
Aotus spp.
Musmuqui


Cats:

Ocelot
Felis paradalis
Tigrillo
Puma
Felis concolor
Puma
Jaguar
Felis yagouaroundi
Yanapuma
Jaguar/Otorongo
Felis onca
Otorongo


Other Mamals:

Grey brocket deer
Mazama gouazoubira
Venado cenizo
White-tailed deer
Odocoileus virginiaus
Venado gris
Red brocket deer
Mazama americana
Venado colorado
Collard peccary
Tayassu tajacu
Sajino
Collared anteater
Tamandua tetradáetila
Oso hormiguero
Amazon weasel
Mustela africana
Comadreja
Anteater
Myrmecophaga tridactyla
Oso hormiguero
Southern river otter
Lutra longicauda
Nutria
Giant river otter
Pteronura brasiliensis
Lobo de río
White lipped peccary
Tayassu pecari
Huangana
Lowland tapir
Tapirus terrestris
Tapir o sachavaca
Capibara
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Ronsoco
Aguti
Agouti paca
Majaz
Tree squirrel
Sciurus spp.
Ardillas
Brown agouti
Dasyprocta variegata
Añuje
South American coati
Nasua nasua
Achuni
Giant Armadillo
Priodontes maximus
Carachupa mama
Armadillo
Dasypus novencinctus
Carachupa
Three-toed sloth
Dradypus variegates
Perezoso
Tayra
Eira barbara
Tayra
Striped spear-nosed bat
Mimon crenulatum
Murciélago
Greater bulldog or fishing bat
Noctilio leporinus
Murciélago pescador
Long-nosed bat
Rhynchonycteris naso
Murciélago
Large fruit-eating bat
Artibeus jamaicensis
Murciélago
Short-tailed fruit bat
Carollia perspicillata
Murciélago
Common long-tongued bat
Glossophaga soricina
Murciélago
Red-tailed squirrel
Sciurus granatensis
Ardilla
Yellow-crowned brush tailed rat
Isothrix bistriata
Ratón
Amazon bamboo rat
Dactylomys dactylinus
Dark tree rat
Echimys semivillosus
Giant tree rat
Echimys grandis